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Sudden and forceful contractions of the leg muscles can cause leg cramps, which occur mainly during nighttime. Let us know more about leg cramps in bed

It is the contraction of muscles, which enables the physical movement of human beings.

But a sudden and involuntary contraction of a muscle or a group of muscles can cause cramps.

Such cramps may be accompanied by severe pain too. The most common among muscle cramps are leg cramps, which are also known as ‘charley horse cramps’.

Leg cramps are caused by the sudden and forceful contraction of leg muscles, especially those in the calf, the hamstring and the quadriceps.

Sometimes, even the small muscles in the feet can also cause cramps. Leg cramps are common among the aged and pregnant women, but young people may also experience this condition.

Leg Cramps in Bed
Generally, leg cramps occur when you rest, especially during the night. Such leg cramps are also called night leg cramps. In most cases, the contraction of calf muscles is the reason for cramps, but the thigh or feet muscles can also cause cramps. Leg cramps in bed may last for a few seconds to a few minutes, but in some cases, it may last even longer. The intensity of the pain also varies and in most cases, it is severe enough to wake the person up. Even if the cramp ends, the muscle may remain sore for some time. Most people experience occasional leg cramps, but for some people, especially, the aged, this problem can be more frequent.

What Causes Leg Cramps in Bed?
There is no precise medical cause for leg cramps in bed. According to research, cramps are caused when the muscles, which are in a shortened position, are stimulated to contract. This theory explains the relation between the sleeping position and the contraction of leg muscles. Most people sleep with their legs slightly bent and the knees pointing downwards. In this position, the calf muscles are in a shortened form and any contraction can lead to cramps.

There are many other contributing factors to leg cramps in bed, which can include some physical conditions. Night leg cramps may be due to dehydration, overexertion of muscles, pregnancy, hypothyroidism, excess alcohol consumption, some nerve disorder, etc. Prolonged sitting or lying down in the same position may restrict the blood flow through the concerned muscles and cause leg cramps.

People with low levels of certain minerals, like magnesium, potassium, calcium, and sodium, leg cramps can be frequent. Use of some specific medications can also be the cause of leg cramps in some people. Drugs may also worsen the situation for those who are already affected by frequent leg cramps. Narrowing of the arteries of the legs, leads to poor blood circulation to the legs and can cause cramps. There are many other common conditions, which can be the reasons for leg cramps in bed.

How to Prevent Leg Cramps in Bed?
The most common treatment for leg cramps in bed is stretching exercises. Though researchers have a different opinion regarding the efficacy of this method, many people find it beneficial in preventing leg cramps to a large extent. Regular stretching of leg muscles, especially those in the calf, is effective.

In case of leg cramps in bed, you have to be careful about the sleeping posture. Though, there is no scientific evidence to prove the same, expert opinion is that a proper posture, that prevents the shortening of calf muscles, can be of much help in reducing the occurrence of leg cramps. If you like to sleep on your back, then prop your feet up with the help of a pillow. When sleeping on your front side, try to hang your feet over the end of the bed. Make sure that the blankets are loose and do not force the toes and feet to point downwards during sleep. Check whether any current medication is causing these muscle cramps. Warm showers before bed time can help to some extent.
Remedies

> For a list of natural remedies for night leg cramps click here

In case of leg cramps in bed, try some stretching. Gently massage the area and if there is persistent muscle discomfort, you can have a mild painkiller. Quinine tablets are also effective, but it can cause side effects in some people, especially pregnant women. Try this medicine, only after consulting your doctor. However, exercises are the best way to get rid of leg cramps in bed.

By Sonia Nair

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During a hard practice, game or match, an athlete might experience muscle tightness and cramping

If severe enough a muscle cramp can finish you from competition. What causes the cramps? Is there a cure?

What Causes Muscle Cramps?

Sweating more than usual through high sports activity may lead to the loss of essential mineral salts. Sweat is mostly water but contains many other compounds including sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, and a host of other compounds. Muscle cramping is verty likely to be an inevitable experience for most runners and other endurance athletes

Muscle Cramps: Causes and Cures

Fluid and Sodium Factor

Although there are many causes of muscle cramps, large losses of sodium and fluid can be key factors that predispose athletes to run-of-the-mill muscle cramps. Sodium is an important mineral in initiating signals from nerves and actions that lead to movement in the muscles, so a deficit of this element and fluid may make muscles “irritable.” Under such conditions, a slight stress, such as a subsequent movement may cause the muscle to contract and twitch uncontrollably

Cramping Case Study

A case study* lends support to the theory. An elite tennis player was found to lose more sodium in his sweat during several hours of play than he consumed throughout the entire day. During intense play that resulted in sweat loss of up to 3 quarts an hour, the player knotted up with the cramps. Following physiological testing, it was recommended that the player add salt to his diet and drink sports drinks (Gatorade). This addition of sodium reduced subsequent cramping episodes. Whenever the player felt cramps coming on in a game, he drank a sports drink containing sodium chloride.
The cramps ceased.

Sodium Meals

After checking with a physician to rule out serious causes an athlete who experiences
muscle cramps after a workout might want to add sodium to meals. Given the popularity of low sodium diets, a sodium deficit is not out of the question when an athlete is sweating at high rates, particularly in the hot months of the year. Salty
snacks or an extra tap of the salt shaker will help replenish the mineral. Consuming sports drinks that contain an adequate amount of sodium is also a subtle way to replace sodium.

Gatorade contains 110 mg of sodium per eight ounces, the same amount of sodium in a glass of milk or slice of bread. This is an amount which helps replace lost sodium yet still meets FDA standards for being a low-sodium food.

Minding Your Minerals

For many years, players have attributed cramping to the depletion of potassium or other minerals like calcium and magnesium from the body. However, research indicates that these minerals are less likely to cause cramping. The amounts of potassium, calcium and magnesium in sweat are low compared to those of sodium and chloride. In addition, potassium, magnesium and calcium are easily replaced by the diet, so a deficit of any of these is rare.

Other Potential Causes

Diabetes, neurologic disorders or vascular problems could be a factor in cramping episodes. Also, anecdotal reports indicate that the use of certain dietary supplements such as creatine might increase the risk of muscle cramps. If cramps suddenly occur without a prior history, consult a physician to rule out more serious causes.
Players have attributed cramping to the depletion of potassium or other minerals such as calcium or magnesium. The current medical thinking doesn’t support this. Muscles tend to hoard potassium, calcium, and magnesium such that they are lost at
minor levels in sweat, compared to sodium and chloride losses. The diet usually supplies adequate amounts to prevent deficits that would contribute to cramping episodes. But further research may tell us otherwise

Preventing Cramps

Stave off cramps before they start by recommending athletes to follow these simple guidelines:

• Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated during exercise

• Replenish sodium levels during times of heavy exercise and profuse sweating with a sports drink like Gatorade

• Ensure adequate nutritional recovery, particularly for salt, and rest for muscles after hard training.

Quick Fixes for Cramps

When cramps strike during a workout or competition, take immediate action with the following:

• Stretch. Because cramps are often related to a change in weight bearing, stretching and non weight-bearing exercises are effective treatments.

• Massage the area. Rubbing the cramped muscle may help alleviate pain as well as help stimulate blood flow and fluid movement into the area.

• Stimulate recovery. Rest and adequate rehydration with fluids containing electrolytes, particularly sodium, will quickly bring improvement.

* Bergeron, M. Heat Cramps During Tennis: A Case Report.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition 6:62-68, 1996.

By CRAIG A. HORSWILL, Ph.D., principal research scientist, Gatorade Sports Science Institute (Barrington, IL)

You will find more info and resources on Leg cramping and leg cramp relief in the selection of posts below

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A description of what leg and foot cramps are, how they come about and some suggestions of how you can get some relief. … The frequency of muscle cramps in the foot or leg is more amongst sports persons and aging individuals. Feet being the organ of maximum weight bearing, foot cramps are more common than any other muscle spasms in the body. What are leg and foot cramps? Foot cramps are jerky non-voluntary spasms in a muscle or a muscle group 

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There may be cramping, burning, numbness and tingling. The pain can be minimal to intense and can range from occasional to constant. It may be accompanied by weakness and loss of reflexes. Sufferers may find it difficult to go about … Chiropractic massage provides not only pain relief but a long term resolution of the underlying problems causing pain. For individuals who are not experiencing discomfort and are leading active sporty lives, chiropractic sports massage can help

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Commonly used in Sports Massage, Physical Therapy, and stretching routines — Reciprocal Inhibition is defined as a muscle’s automatic relaxation response to accommodate the contraction of its opposing muscle. Basically, in order for one muscle group to … The icing on the cake with using the Reciprocal Inhibition technique was that there wasn’t any residual aching from the cramp. I experienced my cramp, relief, and back to peaceful sleep, all within a few minutes

Technorati Tags: cramp, cramping, cramps, deficit, episodes, gatorade, in, leg, muscle, muscles, pain, preventing, quick, relief, runners, salt, salts, sodium, what causes

Feeling sore from your last workout?Here are some tips for prevention and recovery.

Here’s a quick checklist for helping to reduce the amount of muscle soreness you may experience. You can use one or all of these the next time you feel a little too sore from your last workout.

For Sore Muscles This Works Like Crazy

As discussed in some previous articles, muscle soreness can be caused by three hypotheses, muscle damage, tissue damage, muscle spasms,  resulting in cumulative micro trauma resulting in some type of cellular damage. At times, this can be the leading cause of overtraining and being uncomfortable for a few days after training.

Pain treatment for muscle cramps and spasms

Continual cellular damage over and over to the point where the body cannot recovery can result in overtraining.

Don’t worry…

Here’s a quick checklist for helping to reduce the amount of muscle soreness you may experience. You can use one or all of these the next time you feel a little too sore from your last workout.

Phase 1 – Pre Training Recovery

Leg Elevation: Many of us stand or sit for long periods of time before going to the gym and training. This is a less than optimal condition because your overall circulation is less than ideal. What you can do is 20-30 minutes before you train, lay down with your feel against a wall or other object and get the blood back to your upper body and heart.

You’ll improve your circulation especially when you train legs or your lower back.

If you want, you can take this opportunity to listen to music or take a quick nap and begin the mental transition into training.

Phase 2 – Recovery During Training

Rest Intervals Between Sets:

A great way to boost the intensity of any workout without changing a single thing is to decrease the rest time between sets. You’ll instantly get more work done in less time. If you feel that the intensity is too high, you can increase the time between sets and help reduce the build up of lactic acid as well. The time you take to rest between sets has a significant impact on your next set as well as future performance.

Movement Between Sets:

Just think about it. It’s like a warm up and cool down all over again but between the sets. Most people understand the importance of warming up before lifting weights. They also know about a proper cool down after working out.

But did you know that you can use those sample principles on a minute level in between your sets?

This movement not only serves as a ‘transition’ between an all out effort and recovery but it aids in better circulation and helps reduce the swelling of muscular tissues.

Periodization:

Remember that soreness can be caused by a few hypothesis (tissue damage, muscle damage, spasms). But did you stop to think that if you keep on training “heavy” you just keep on damaging the muscle at a micro level over and over without a change to recover?

Incorporating a light day or week into your training can help flush the area with new blood, reduce the formation of scar tissue and flush waste from the area.

Planning these type of workouts in your training program will speed up the time needed to recover as well as add variety to your program which in turn provides overall recovery.

Phase 3 – Post Training Recovery

My strong hunch is that most people will be unable to avoid soreness at some point and seek treatment.

So that’s why there’s a few ways you can help reduce the severity of soreness during your training as well as aid in the recovery process after your training.

Contrast Showers:

Done on your lumbar area, this involves using short bursts of hot and cold water to improve the circulation. You can further stretch during this time to flush new blood to the area.

Post Workout Nutrition:

Needless to say…

After your workout your body is in a prime time to devour nutrients. This is an ideal time to give it the protein it needs with the carbohydrates for energy recovery.

You see, if muscle soreness is caused by micro trauma resulting in cellular damage then obviously you want to give your body plenty of materials quickly to repair itself.

Proper post workout nutrition can reduce the amount of soreness you can experience.

Therapeutic Modalities:

This can encompass such things as massage, sauna, whirlpool, chiropractic adjustments, acupressure and others are among the more popular therapeutic modalities. Make no mistake….

Recovery really begins when you leave the gym. Depending on factors such as your level of fitness, age, medical conditions, you may be wise to use some or all of these post workout recovery methods to speed up overall recovery.

There’s no magic formula per se but anything you can do to help speed the recovery process will result in less muscular discomfort and quicker recovery for the next workout.

Have you heard that 90% gym-goers overtrain 90% of the time?

Could it be that they simply “under-recovered” and could easily stand to train more if only they could recover quicker?

Sleep:

While there is not a set number of hours you need to sleep as that depends on the individuals schedule, personal preferences and level of stress it’s still clear that sleep is vital to recovery.

This is the time your body repairs all that micro trauma.

If you aren’t getting enough quality sleep, it can affect your overall recovery and body’s ability to repair itself. That can lead to prolonged muscle soreness. The amount of sleep each person needs will vary.

Home hypnosis programs can help you get a good full night’s rest

Make no mistake about muscle soreness…   It’s uncomfortable!

But using any or all of the above recovery methods you can significantly reduce the duration of muscle soreness.

More important than that…   Create a periodized program that helps to keep your body in a state of recovery and avoid overtraining.

About the author:
Marc David is a bodybuilder and author of the, Beginner’s Guide to Fitness and Bodybuilding. You can get info on Marc’s e-book here. To get Marc’s free e-zine, visit http://www.JustAskMarc.com

By Marc David

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before the exercise, warm up right, keep a steady pace, tune down and do not forget to drink water after the round of exercise. Hat for hair: Your hair can be damaged by the heat and harmful rays. Wear a hat to protect your hair. … In case of heat cramps or heat exhaustion: Cool the body slowly. Get the person to a cooler place and have him or her rest in a comfortable position. Give fluids. 

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